Занимательные опыты по физике [Дженис Ванклив] (pdf) читать постранично

Книга в формате pdf! Изображения и текст могут не отображаться!


 [Настройки текста]  [Cбросить фильтры]

~ BlenKe

RanKIKB

~

3AftHI1ATERbftblE onblTbl
~ no IIIH3HKE
~

1 •

ll ·

A>!~3~KE

A>!lpH3aIJ;HH: KOAe6aHH" B OAROM uanpanxcmra
25. Paccesnnre: «npnev H rrepenase» CBeTa
26. I1HTepq,epeHIJ;HH B TOHKHX nxeaxax: CBeTOBble BOAHbI
B rpaae H npornsorpaso
27. BbIllYKAaH AHH3a: CXONlI11HeCH CBeTOBble AY"H

178
185
191
197

"IacTb VI 3SyK
28. 3BYIC npOAOAbHble BOAHM
29. Pe30HaHc: HHAYI1HpoBaHHble KOJle6aHHH

"IacTb VII

206
21 I

~3MepeH~S1

30. YrJlOBble H3MepeHHH: paareepsr B rpaaycax

218

1
OpHAOJKeHHe 2

227

npHAO)KeHHe

TpHrOHOMeTpHQeCKHe q,YHKIJ;HH
OTI10CHTeA..hHd5I oIlIH6Ka:

nponeirraaa
OpHJlOJKeHHe 3

r xoccapaa

Maaosierp

IIOrpeUII-IOCTh

229
231
234

248

HaYKa -

3TO

aenpepsraasra

rrOHCK OmeTCB aa MHO>KeCTBO HHTe-

peCHbIX BOIIpOCOB 06 oKpYJKalOll\eM Hac Mllpe. Hayxnsre OIIblTbI npexpecnsra crroco6 nOHCKa GTBeTOB npn
HbIX npo6AeM.

3Ta

pemenaa

rrOACKaJKeT HOBbIe HAeM. B03MOJKHO, "He see
C5I.

Ho

casnax CAOJK-

KHHra 6YAeT BaM HaAeJKHblM nyreBOAHTeAeM If

y

sac 6YAeT rroAyqaTb-

nocraperirecs npOHTH CBOH JIYTb AO KOH~a, IlAdHHpy51 onsr-

TbI, BbIHCKHBaH M 3anl1:CbIBaH HHepOPMdlJ;lHO, OTIlOCSlW;yroC5I K rrpo6AeMe, H rrpHBOAK B nopxsox AaHHbIe B IIOHCKax HYJKHOrO OTBeTa.
OtIeHb IIOAe3HbIMH cTaRyr

MJI

aac BbICTj'TIAeHHH na HayqHbIx

cexaaapax, KOHetIHO, npn yCAOBHH, eCJUl BbI XOPOllIO K HHM IIOAroTOBHTeCb. He crreuurre Ii He crepairreci, 3aKOl{tIMTb BaIIIH IiCCAeAOBaHHSI aa OAMH

Be~ep. TeM

caMbIM BbI J\HIIIIITe cefis PdAOCTH CTaTb

Peuremro HayqHoH 3araAKH, TaK
JKe KdK If penrerrae AeTeKTHBHOH, rpeoyer Tm;aTeAbHOrO IIAaHHpOBaHlIJilI cxpynyxeanoro coopa AaHHbIX.
Ilpncrynanre K AeAy C AI060IIbITCTBOM 11 :>KeAamreM OTKpbITb
HaCTOJlUJ;RM HaytlHbIM AeTeKTHBOM.

'ITO-TO HOBoe. 3dnaCHTeCb' l.I,eAeyCTpeMAQHHOCTblO 11 peumxocrsro.

Bnoxne B03MO>KHO,

'ITO BdIIIH IIOHCKH YBeUtIdIOTCSI ycnexon.

Bbl60p TeMbl
TpHMaTh TeM, COAepJKarn;HXCH B 3TOH KHHre. AdIOT B03MO)KHOCTb
AAH nOCTaHOBKlf MHO>KeCTBa pa3HbIX

3aAaq. KdJKAillI

TeMa BKhIOtId-

er B ce65I KAaCCHtIeCKHH OTIbIT, cnoeofipaansni rOTOBhIH «xyxaaapHbIH peuerrr», BaM CTORT AHllIb CAeAoBdTb eMy, H pe3YAbTaT rapers-

'rapoaaa. Flepez, TeM KaK Bbl6paTb lIHTepccYIOll\yro sac rexy, IIO3HaKOMbTeCb co BceMH rrpocrsnsa orrsrreraa. He3aBHClfMO OT BaIIIero BbI60pa

npoxexaaasre

BaMli M3bICKdHI15I pacurapsrr naura npen-

cTaBAE!HHSI a epH3H:Ke.
KaJKAaH 'rexa HaqHHaeTCH C xparxoro pe31OMe, BBOAHIIJ;ero B
Kpyr IIOCTaBAeHHbIX 3dAatI.

B 3TO pe310Me BKAIOQeHa TaK/Ke CBH3dH-

HaJi C 3TOll TeMoH He06xOAlIMaJi lIHq,opMaI1l1J1. OIIpeAeAeHlIe TepMHHOB AaeTcH TOAbKO IIpH HX nepaosi ynoMHHaHHH. CMblCA He3HaKOMbIX

AJ\.H

aac nOHHTHM pa3'b5ICHeH B rxoccapaa.

10

HOBbie nOAXOAbl
Flocxe KaJKAoro BBOAHoro aIIbITa HAeT pa3AeA, 03arAdBAeHHbIH
«Honsre IIOAXOAhI». OR COAepJKHT AOrrOAHHTeAhHbIe aorrpocsr, CB5I~

aamnae C HccheAyeMoH np06AQMOH. Bneca He60AhiliHe I13MeHeHIUI
B AeMOHCTpaU;HOHHbIH OIIbIT, MO)KHO noxy-nrn, HOBbIe peayxsrersr.
nOAYMailTe, notIeMY MOrAll rrpOl.f30HTl1

3TH H3MeHeHH5[.

npHAyMaliTe aaur co6CTBeHHbili onsrr

B KaJKAOI1 rxanc HMeCTCH pa3AeA IlOA

Hd3BaHI1eM

(npHAY!"la:£1Te

peapetioran,
rexymea TeMoH. Balli
YCTaHoBAeHHoMY otipasuy H npe-

Balli co6crneHHhIH OIIhIT» , KOTOPbH1 II03BOAHT BaM
OIIblTbI

ANI OTBeTa

na norrpocsr,

CB5I3dHHbIe C

OIIbIT AOJ\JKeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTb

CAeAoBan 0ARY KOHKpeTH)'IO I1eAh. DPM 3TOM HY>KHO: COCTaBMn
crrMCOK Heo6xoAMMbIX MaTepHaAOn; rroAPo6HO onacars Ka>KAbIR
nrar onsrra: npeacrasars pe3YAbTaTOI B BHAe AHarpaMM, rpadnrxos
H Ta6l\.H41 eCAM BbI CGQTeTe 3TQ nOAe3HJ;J:M; cAeAdTb BblBOAf 06'MIC-

HlIlOlI1HR, noxexy Bbl rroAY"HAli AaHHOIe pe3YAhTaTOI, H OTBeTHTh aa
nOCTaBAeHHbIe BaMH JKe BOrrpOChI.

C60p ~aKTOB
HHepopMal.1HIO, cBH3aHHYIO C BarneR TeMOR, MO>KHO TaK>Ke HaRTH
B APymx KHHraX M >KypHaAax. 1.JeM 60Abrne BOI 6YAeTe 3HaTb, TeM
ycrreumee rrpORAeT Barn orrsrr. Hexoropsre rrOACKa3KM 0 TOM, rAe
MO>KHO HaRTH Ty MAH mryro HHepOPMaI.1HIO, COAep>KaTClI B pa3AeAe «C6op rpaxroa», AM 3arrHCH nOR MHepopMaI1HM 3aBeAHTe
>KypHaA, 3arrMcOIBaRTe TYAa MMH asropa, aaasaaae KHHm MAM
CTaThH,

aoxepe crpeaau,

Ha3BaHHe H3AaTeAhCTBa,

AaTY

H MeCTO

rry6AHKaI1HH.

Kynare 3arrHcH)'IO KHH>KKy, KOTOpBlI 6YAeT CAy>KHTb BaM B xasecrace, CBH3aHHoe C BalIIHM ODhITOM.

Be JKypHaAa. 3aIII1CbIBalITe TYAa

OqeHb xoponro, eCAHB »cypaaxe 6YAYTnepexexcersca nama C06CTaenasre HAeH H MAeM, noxeprnryrsre H3 KHHr H or ApyrHX AIOAeR,
aanpmeep, OT yqHTeAeR H crreI.1HBAHCTOB. >KYPHaA AOA>KeH TaK>Ke
COAepJKaTh OIIHcaHHH BaIllI1X OIIhITOB, BKAlQtIa.JI AHarpaMMbI, epOTO~

rpadina H

IIHCbMeHHhIe

orxersr 060 ncex BaIIIHX pesyxsrersx.

11

Bee sama 3dIlHCH AOJ\JKHbl 6bITb AdTHPOBdHbI H, KOHetIRO, dKJKalllHH 1I0AHhIe
H TQ'IHbIe 3anHCH 0 rrpoexre c caxoro Hd'laAd AD KOH~a, I10MOJKeT
BaM B COCTaBAeHHH orxera 0 aanrea paoore. OH TalOKe 6YAeT CAy>KliTb AOKa3aTeAbCTBOM Toro, qTO BhI HeAapoM lIpOBeAH apexa B
1I0HCKax paspeureana TOH HAll HHOH HayqHoH TaHHhI. B03MO>KHO,
DbI

saxcrare

npeACTdBlITb )KypHaA KdK qaCTb BbIIIOAHeHHOH BaMH

pa60ThI.

nonb3yiiTecb HaY'lHbIM MeTOAOM

Ka>KAaSl RAell 3TOHKHHrH COAep>KHT B ce6e 6a30BhIH MaTepHiIA, KOTOPhIH 1I0MO>KeT BaM AOCTINb HaHAyqIlIHX pe3YAbTaTOB. B OCHOBe
ycrreiliHoro peureaas BdllIHX 3aAaq AeJKwr HCnOAb30BaHlie HaY'!ROil: MeTOAOAOfHH.

TaKOH HayqHhlH

nOAXOA BKAIOtJdeT B ce65I

cxe-

AyJOlllHe CTYIIeHH: 1I0HCK, l\eAb, rHlIOTe3Y, OnbIT H BbIBOA.

Goucx:

nponecc coopa HHKAeHHe, aupaxcaiomee CYTb lIp06AeMbI HAll sonpoca,

Hd KOTOpbIH Db!

atuere

OTBeT. KaK TOAbKO Db! OCTaHQBHTeCb lid

ne-

KOTOPOi'! HAee AASl HCCAeAOBaHHSl, BhIpa3HTe ee B llCHOi'! opMneHllle CTeHA3 Anll nOK333

Bam CTeHA C OTlleTOM 0 npoaexaaaoa paocre AOJUKeH

6bITb CQCTdB-

AeH TaKHM o6pa30M, 'tJT06hI rrpHBAeKaTb BHHMaHHe H IIOMepJKH-

BaTh HHTepeC aYAHTOpHH. Ilocrepasrrecs CAeAaTbera rrpocTbIM. He
KOHI\eHl'j)HpyKTe BCJO HHq,OpManHJO B oAHOM xecre. '-ITo6bl C3KOHOMHTb MeCTO na CTeHAe u

Te~

He MCHee

noxaaars BCID npoaexaa-

HYJO pa6ory, AeMOHCTpHpyKTe xeprta, rpaljJl1KH, PI1CYHKH 11 APyrHe
Ma.'repHaAbI npHMO H3

saurero

~YPHaAa.

a He BhlHOCHTC MX

na

CTeHA·
PeaAbHbli1 peasrep R q,OPMi\ CTCHAa AAJ! noxaae MeHJleTClI B 3aBRCHMOCTH OT Tpe60BdHRH

roro

Kl\H HHQrO Hayquoro

cobpanas.

He 3a6YAbTe rrpOBePRTb RX na COOTBCTCTBRe KOHKpeTHbIM rpeooBaHHlIM. HaH60Aee qaCTOHcnohh3YIOTClI CTeHAhtIlIHpHHOi1 122 CM,
rAy6HHoii 76 CM HBhtCOTOii 274 CM. Bam CTeHA MOJKeT 6blTb H

3Ar0l10l'OK

pe310Me

-.....

Puc. I.1

.1

13

MeHbIlIe 3THX MaKCHMaAbHbIX paasrepos. HaH:OOAee YAo6HbIH
CTeHA AMI AeMOHCTpaIjlf1f Barne" pa60Tbl HMeeT q,OpMy TpeAblrJKa
(pac. 1.1). MOJKHO rrpaotipecra AMI CTeHAa KapTOH HJm rreaoIIAdeT. MO>KHO TaKJKe coeAHHHTh BMeCTe AepeBHHHbIe

Ho

MOJKHO Ii

orpemorarscs

3epepeKTI1BHhIMH AHCTdMH

rnepxoro

nanexn.

npa

3TOM AOCTdTOQHO

KapTOHa.

COeAHHeHHbIMH

AemeBbfMH, HO

BMeCTe.

3aroAOBoK AOAJKeH

6blTb

rroxeutcn asepxy l.\eHTpaAbHOH nene-

AM. OR AOJUKeH 6bITb KaK MO}f(HO 60Aee KOpOTKHM H HeHO

ssrpe-

JKaTb rexy npoexra, HO rrpa 3TOM OTJ\WlaTbClI OT q,OpMyAHpOBKH
3aAaQH. Hanpaxep, BbI H3yqaeTe nporiaexy: «KaK nee BAHlIeT aa

nepaoz, KOAe6aHHH MaHTHHKa 1) XOPOIIIHM 3drOAOBKOM MO}KeT
raxoa: «Bnepea H Hd3aA: peever BpeMeHH rapMOHHlJeCKOrO

ObITb

OCQI1.AMlTOpa)). Ha3BaHHe Ii APyrHe 3arOAOBKH AOAJKHhI 6blTb BbI-

noxtrema dKKYPaTHO H AeI'KO llHTaTbCSI c paccrosnaa IIpHMepHo 1 M.
Bst MOJKeTe HaKAeHBaTb 6YKBbI na AOCKy (KyrrHTe roroaue

aapenee HAH caMH BbIpe>KhTe HX) HAH HaneqaTaihe HX